英語(yǔ)寫作句子改錯(cuò)技巧
改錯(cuò)對(duì)考生的要求較高，是對(duì)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力的考查，檢測(cè)考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正文章錯(cuò)誤的能力，進(jìn)而考查學(xué)生的詞法、句法及行文邏輯等方面的水平�？忌谠擁�(xiàng)上往往失分較多，對(duì)該題感到束手無(wú)策。那么怎樣找錯(cuò)誤就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。在此分享一下英語(yǔ)寫作句子改錯(cuò)技巧。
改錯(cuò)解題思路和檢查原則：
1. 句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞；
2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)；
3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法；
4. 名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，格的使用是否正確；
5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確；
6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤；
7. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤；
8. 并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。
改錯(cuò)解題四原則：
改動(dòng)以最少為原則；虛詞以添加或刪除為原則；實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則；以保持句子原意為原則。
改錯(cuò)解題步驟：
通讀全文，掌握大意；整句分析，逐行推敲；反復(fù)通讀，復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。
解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng)：
1. 核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí)，若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一詞1個(gè)，缺詞1個(gè)，錯(cuò)詞8個(gè)。
2. 核對(duì)改正的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。
3. 核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范，位置是否準(zhǔn)確，看看有無(wú)遺漏符號(hào)、忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問(wèn)題。
改錯(cuò)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類型：
1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，
常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)錯(cuò)用；②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致；③主謂不一致；④缺少動(dòng)詞，特別是be動(dòng)詞；⑤第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用；⑥主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改為do，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改為visited，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于②)
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改為were，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于③)
There will an important game next month. (will后加be，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于④)
2. 名詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改為subjects)
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改為words)
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改為knowledge)
3. 冠詞錯(cuò)誤：誤用a和an（根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來(lái)判定）；誤用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠詞或少冠詞）
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改為the，the same是固定搭配)
As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，所以其前加a)
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可數(shù)名詞，故have后加a)
4. 形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤：系動(dòng)詞（am/is/are/was/were/become/go）和感官性動(dòng)詞（smell/feel）后用形容詞；詞性的誤用（形容詞修飾名詞；副詞修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞）。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名詞，要用形容詞wonderful修飾)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容詞，terribly改為terrible)
5. 代詞錯(cuò)誤：代詞的主格和賓格（I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them）錯(cuò)誤；反身代詞（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用錯(cuò)誤；代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤；代詞指代錯(cuò)誤；多代詞或少代詞。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改為myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改為them)
6. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致；介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)；某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接動(dòng)名詞，talk改為talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)改為going)
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，read改為reading)
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的動(dòng)名詞前后不一致，故saw改為seeing)
7. 介詞錯(cuò)誤：詞組中的介詞誤用；介詞意思理解偏差；介詞的多用或少用。
There are too many people among my family. (among改為in，in my family為固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引導(dǎo)從句)
一、語(yǔ)法類錯(cuò)誤糾錯(cuò)技巧（高頻考點(diǎn)）
1. 時(shí)態(tài)一致性檢查
技巧：通讀全文，標(biāo)記時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如 yesterday、now、since 2020），確保主句與從句、段落內(nèi)時(shí)態(tài)統(tǒng)一。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：I go to the park yesterday.（時(shí)態(tài)沖突）
改正：I went to the park yesterday.
延伸：if 條件句中，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（If it rains, we will stay at home.）
2. 主謂一致原則
技巧：找到句子真正主語(yǔ)（排除介詞短語(yǔ)后的名詞），單數(shù)主語(yǔ)配單數(shù)動(dòng)詞，復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)配復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：The group of students are very happy.（主語(yǔ)是 group，單數(shù)）
改正：The group of students is very happy.
特例：集合名詞（family、team）表整體用單數(shù)，表成員用復(fù)數(shù)（My family is big. / My family are watching TV.）
3. 冠詞使用規(guī)范
技巧：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前必加冠詞（a/an/the），不可數(shù)名詞（water、happiness）泛指不加冠詞。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：I have book. / She likes music of this film.
改正：I have a book. / She likes the music of this film.（特指這部電影的音樂(lè)）
4. 介詞搭配精準(zhǔn)化
技巧：牢記固定搭配（如 look forward to doing、be interested in），避免介詞混用。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：He is angry to me. / She is good at swim.
改正：He is angry with me. / She is good at swimming.
二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)類錯(cuò)誤糾錯(cuò)技巧
1. 避免 run-on 句（連寫句）
技巧：兩個(gè)獨(dú)立分句需用連詞（and、but）、分號(hào)（;）或句號(hào)分隔，不可直接用逗號(hào)連接。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：I like reading, my sister likes painting.
改正：I like reading, and my sister likes painting. / I like reading; my sister likes painting.
2. 修正碎片句（不完整句）
技巧：確保句子有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，避免單獨(dú)使用介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞短語(yǔ)作句子。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：Because he was late.（只有原因狀語(yǔ)從句）
改正：Because he was late, he missed the bus.
3. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱
技巧：and、or、than 連接的并列成分（名詞、動(dòng)詞、從句）需保持形式一致。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：She likes singing, dancing and to draw.
改正：She likes singing, dancing and drawing.
4. 代詞指代清晰
技巧：代詞（it、they、that）需明確指代前文的名詞，避免指代模糊。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：Tom told his father that he was wrong.（he 指代不明）
改正：Tom told his father, “I was wrong.” / Tom told his father that his father was wrong.
三、表達(dá)優(yōu)化類糾錯(cuò)技巧
1. 替換中式表達(dá)，使用地道搭配
技巧：避免逐字翻譯中文，積累英語(yǔ)固定句型（如 “花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事” 用 spend time doing，而非 take time to do 的錯(cuò)誤用法）。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：My English level is very good.（中式直譯）
改正：I have a good command of English. / My English is very good.
2. 簡(jiǎn)化冗余表達(dá)
技巧：刪除重復(fù)或不必要的修飾，使句子簡(jiǎn)潔有力。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：In my opinion, I think we should study hard.（in my opinion 與 I think 重復(fù)）
改正：In my opinion, we should study hard. / I think we should study hard.
3. 調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣
技巧：英語(yǔ)多 “主謂賓” 語(yǔ)序，副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等修飾成分需放在合適位置。
常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：I very like this book. / He went to school yesterday morning.（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)順序錯(cuò)誤）
改正：I like this book very much. / He went to school in the morning yesterday.（小時(shí)間在前，大時(shí)間在后）
四、糾錯(cuò)實(shí)操步驟（四步法）
通讀全文：先抓整體邏輯，標(biāo)記疑似錯(cuò)誤的句子；
逐句檢查：按 “語(yǔ)法→結(jié)構(gòu)→表達(dá)” 的順序排查，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注高頻錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)；
核對(duì)搭配：對(duì)照固定短語(yǔ)、句型，確認(rèn)用詞精準(zhǔn)；
朗讀驗(yàn)證：出聲朗讀句子，通過(guò)語(yǔ)感判斷是否流暢自然。
【英語(yǔ)寫作句子改錯(cuò)技巧】相關(guān)文章：
英語(yǔ)句子改錯(cuò)10-26
精選英語(yǔ)寫作常用句子11-13
英語(yǔ)寫作句子素材09-18
英語(yǔ)寫作常用句子07-02
英語(yǔ)寫作基本句子10-22
高考英語(yǔ)寫作句子09-12
英語(yǔ)寫作勵(lì)志句子09-09
GMAT英語(yǔ)寫作句子11-16