新托福聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中七大原則
(1) 開頭和結(jié)尾原則 (The Beginning and Ending)
和文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)，在開頭和結(jié)尾都是會(huì)出題目的。結(jié)尾一般用的`句型：Next I would like to…; Following this lecture…; to end my lecture…; to wrap up my lecture…; to wind up my lecture…; to put the finishing touch on my lecture…
(2) 原因原則 (The Reasons and Results)
表示原因的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，如because (口語(yǔ)中叫cause), for, since, thanks to, due to, attributedto, the reason…is…; 表示結(jié)果的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，如so, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result, that’s why…
(3) 轉(zhuǎn)折原則 (Turning Point)
but, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, while, in fact , still, yet, unluckily, unfortunately, on the other hand, to tell you the truth, to be frank/honest, although, though, even if, even though.
(4) 強(qiáng)調(diào)原則 (Emphasis)
A. 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)調(diào) 重讀(Stress)、 停頓(Pause)、 口誤(Honest Mistake)、 口吃等。
B. 語(yǔ)義強(qiáng)調(diào) 比如材料里聽(tīng)到ok, now, and, well, remember, surprise, 以及only, must 等絕對(duì)詞；或者老師說(shuō)What I mean is…; What I want you to do is… 或者材料中也用形容詞進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義強(qiáng)調(diào)，如…is important/ fatal/ vital/ essential/ basic/ fundamental/ interesting/ necessary.
C. 比較強(qiáng)調(diào) 同級(jí)比較、比較級(jí)(Comparative)、最高級(jí)(Superlative) 都是強(qiáng)調(diào)，都很重要。如：一些句型compared to, in comparison。還有序數(shù)詞，方位詞和一些介詞強(qiáng)調(diào)(Ordinal numbers, Prepositions)。如： first…; last…; also; before, after, by等。
D. 結(jié)論強(qiáng)調(diào)(Conclusions) 比如：in conclusion, to conclude, in a word, all in all, last but not the least, to sum up.
E. 舉例強(qiáng)調(diào)(Examples) 比如：for example/ instance（記下關(guān)鍵詞）, such as/ like/ need/ include/ involve（記下首字母）, to demonstrate/ illustrate, to give you a clearer idea/ picture.
(5) 問(wèn)答原則 (Questions and Answers)
比如設(shè)問(wèn)句或?qū)W生提問(wèn)，問(wèn)題和回答都很重要。
(6) 解釋原則-下定義 (Definitions)
常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。
(7) 建議原則 (Suggestions)
建議句型。
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